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When to test for STDs

Timing matters with STD testing. If you’ve recently had unprotected sex, you may want to get tested right away. However, it’s important to understand the best time to test for the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Incubation periods, or the time it takes for an infection to be most accurately detected, vary depending on the infection and can differ from person to person. Check out the list below for the most common sexually transmitted infections.

STD When to test Specimen sample needed If STD positive, is retesting advised?
Chlamydia Average incubation period is 1-5 days. Most accurate results after 2 weeks. Urine test or swab from cervix, vagina, urethra, rectum, or throat. Retest 2 weeks after treatment to make sure you are clear of the bacteria.
Gonorrhea Average incubation period is 2-6 days. Most accurate results after 2 weeks. Urine test or swab from cervix, vagina, urethra, rectum, or throat. Retest 2 weeks after treatment to make sure you are clear of the bacteria.
Hepatitis C Most accurate results after 2 weeks. Blood test Retest after 3 months to confirm your initial test result.
HIV 95% of tests accurate within 6 weeks, but 3 months if you want to be sure. Blood test Retest to confirm your initial test result.
Herpes simplex 2 Must have symptoms, then within 48 hours of outbreak, or 12 days after initial infection. Most accurate 4 months after you were infected. Blood test No, herpes simplex 2 remains in your system for life. If you test negative, retest after 3 months to confirm your result.
Syphilis Most results accurate after 6 weeks, but incubation can be as long as 3 months. Blood test Retest 2 weeks after treatment to make sure you are clear of the bacteria.
Trichomoniasis Average incubation is 3-7 days. Most accurate results after 2 weeks. Urine test or swab from vagina or urethra. Retest within 3 months to make sure you are clear of the bacteria.

Don’t let an unprotected encounter be the only reason to test for STDs. Periodic testing is one of the most important things you can do to protect your health.

Learn more: what does testing cost for: at-home tests, direct-to-lab, doctor’s office visits, and free clinics?

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